An article published in March 2010 in Invertebrate Biology. The review paper deals with integration mechanisms in the asynaptic, nerve-less sponges and discusses implications for the evolution of synaptic nervous systems in the Eumetazoa. This article is dedicated in Memoriam Max Pavans de Cecatty (1927 - 2009):

Nickel, M (2010), "Evolutionary emergence of synaptic nervous systems: what can we learn from the non-synaptic, nerveless Porifera?", Invertebrate Biology, 129: 1-16.

(See bibliographic data in our database )

A PDF-file is available upon request , if you do not have direct access to the journal.